On the sidewalk bleeding Essay

Don’t judge a book by its cover. We all grow up listening and trying to live day in and day out following the metaphorical phrase. For most of us, this idiom means little however; Evan Hunter uses a character from On the Sidewalk Bleeding to influence the reader of its importance Andy is a young gang member growing up in the rough neighborhood of The Bronx. As a result, the attraction of membership leads Andy to join The Royals, a gang represented by a bright purple jacket. We are first made aware of Andy just after a rival gang member has fatally stabbed him. It is made clear to us that Andy is no stranger towards violence and gang culture even at his young age. He thought to himself â€Å"That was a fierce rumble, they got me good that time† indicating that fighting is a common occurrence for him that he is still unaware of how serious the stab wound is. As Andy lays helpless down a dark alleyway, we are made aware of three groups of public denying Andy help, a direct result of this appearance and his relationship with the gang culture. Most notably, one young couple is felt inclined to leave Andy helpless. The couple’s first reaction in finding Andy was â€Å"He’s a Royal† demonstrating the immediate prejudice. This is again reinforced when they leave him to die due to his gang connections, suggesting that because of this, he doesn’t deserve to get help. â€Å"We help him and the Guardians will be down our necks† It is also made clear that the Guardians are another rival gang. This is confirmed when Andy comments about these gangs being â€Å"two of the biggest† As the couple flee the scene, Andy thinks to himself, â€Å"Why are they afraid of the Guardians? I’ve never turkeyed out of a rumble with the Guardians† The emphasizing how Andy is no stranger to violence. However, Hunter positions the reader to understand what is beneath the purple jacket. Hunter demonstrates how Andy is simply a young and impulsive boy therefore is inclined to make poor decisions. In the first paragraph, Hunter uses the word ‘boy’ twice and also makes reference to his age, 16. The author’s intention is to create sympathy for Andy. He does this successfully because we relate the word ‘boy’ to someone who is young and naà ¯ve. The  reference to his age convinces us that everyone is inclined to make mistakes, especially at his age. Andy made one poor decision and he should not lose his life be cause of it. Hunter also reveals how Andy is a kind and caring person. The positive personality is evident when Andy talks about his girlfriend Laura, and his hopes and plans for his future with her. â€Å"Someday he would marry Laura, someday he would marry her and have lots of kids, and then move out of the neighborhood† Though this we learn how this gang member ship is just a phase that Andy is going through and how he wants to start a clean project with good opportunities. We also see how Andy believes in traditional values, not the norm of a gang member. This is further emphasized when we see him put Laura’s needs first â€Å"He wondered if Laura would be angry† Andy is also revealed as tenacious and determined, which are qualities that we admire. He realizes that â€Å"they had only stabbed the jacket and the title† Because of this, Andy was driven to take the jacket off, so when he was found, he would not be seen as a Royal, but just Andy. Andy’s determination is shown when he fights the pain just to remove his jacket. â€Å"With great effort, he rolled over onto his back. He felt great pain tearing at his stomach when he moved† Hunter also uses the verbs â€Å"squirmed and fought and twisted† These verbs have great impact on the reader because it develops our appreciation of just how determined and tenacious Andy is. Andy has taught us a very important lesson in the short story On the Sidewalk Bleeding. He has demonstrated how we are not all synonymous to our appearance. Evan Hunter conveys this throughout the text influencing us to understand how maybe we are inclined to make unsafe judgments based on appearances, or is it in our power to prevent it.

Callaway Golf Company

Callaway Golf Company (CGC) Harvard Business School Case Study Ely Callaway had a vision, â€Å"If we make a truly more satisfying product for the average golfer, not the professionals, and make it pleasingly different from the competition, the company would be successful† (Lal & Prescott, 2011, p. 1). Key factors that led to Callaway’s success included his vision, his understanding of consumer behavior, his product variety, and his ability to build a premium brand. Furthermore, the company’s relationship with its retail partners, the company’s new product development, and the company’s marketing strategy were key contributors to Callaway Golf Company’s success between 1988 and 1997. Callaway understood the competitive nature of the game and the competitive nature of the consumers. Golfers were consumers driven by social factors such as reference groups. According to Kotler and Keller (2009), â€Å"Reference groups consist of all groups that have a direct (face-to-face) or indirect influence on a person’s attitude or behavior† (p. 8). Reference groups expose people to new behaviors and lifestyles, influence attitudes and self-concepts, and create pressures for conformity that affect product and brand choices. Because Callaway understood the behaviors of his target market, he was able to strategically introduce new products that offered more satisfaction than the former products. With product modification , managers try to stimulate sales by improving quality, features, and style (p. 185). Callaway understood each product’s life cycle and introduced new products every two years. He discovered that after two years, the sales and prices typically declined (Lal and Prescott, 2000, p. 4), causing him to continually make his own products obsolete. However, this business process solidified the consumer’s expectation that Callaway Golf Company would always deliver a high quality product, a value-delivery system successfully established by the company. The Callaway brand was strong, therefore, giving the company marketing advantages such as improved perceptions of product performance, greater loyalty, less vulnerability to competitive marketing actions and marketing crises, larger margins, greater trade cooperation and additional brand extensions (Kotler and Keller, 2009, p. 131). There was consistent brand reinforcement with every product as Callaway’s marketing methods always conveyed what the brand represented, what core benefits it supplied, and what needs it satisfied. Additionally, Callaway conveyed how the brand made superior products that were strong, favorable, and unique. Various consumer spending and golfing behaviors left Callaway no choice but to change his marketing strategies. Callaway realized they could not depend on their 1982 original marketing strategy. Callaway believed there was no brand loyalty when it came to golfers. The bottom line was that golfers tend to purchase golf clubs they think will improve their game and will often blame the golf equipment for their lack of skill (Lal and Prescott, 2000, p. 4). Callaway knew their products had to be unique. Callaway also knew as the popularity of the game increased, golf equipment had to also increase in purpose and design. In 1998, Callaway experienced a decline in profits. The company lost $27 million because sales dropped 17%. Consequently, Ely Callaway realized he would have to change the way his company had been doing business. He refocused Calloway Golf Company’s â€Å". . . retail channels, new-product development, and marketing strategies† (p. 1). One force that drove Callaway to continuously change his strategy was the life span of the golf equipment. Callaway was quick at determining whether a product was a money maker or not. He measured the profit growth of a product within the first two years the product was launched. If sales decreased within the first two years, the product design was redesigned and â€Å"improved. † This could possibly lead to excessive inventories of one product and shortage of another. Through evaluation and control methods, Callaway was able to make the best product marketing decisions for the bottom line. Annual plan controls helped determine if the new product results were being achieved. Profitability controls determined if the new product was making or losing money. Efficiency controls balanced the spending and marketing expenditures. Strategic controls confirmed whether the company was targeting the best opportunities with the retailers, media, and advertising (Kotler-Keller, 2009, p. 331-333). Richard Helmstetter, vice president and chief of new products, joined Callaway Hickory Stick, Inc. in 1986. He transformed CGC â€Å". . . from a niche producer to an innovation powerhouse. . . † (Lal and Prescott, 2000, p. 2). Helmstetter viewed research and development differently than others in the industry. He challenged the scientists, engineers, and golfers he had hired to answer questions like â€Å"Where does backspin come from? † and â€Å"Why does a shot on the club toe hook left instead of right? † (p. 2). Helmstetter was correct in believing that by answering these types of questions the company would create better clubs. New product innovations included the development of the S2H2 (short, straight, hollow, hosel) model which redistributed the weight of the hosel. This allowed the weight to be better utilized elsewhere in the club. Following the S2H2 model was the development of the Big Bertha. It was a club with a bigger club head. The larger head allowed for fewer mishit shots and a better drive. This allowed the average player to have a better experience when playing, which led to loyalty to Callaway, despite the cost. Callaway found it challenging being caught in the middle of a changing marketing communication environment. Callaway had to take a deep look at the company’s marketing communication mix and decide if it was still effective. The marketing communication mix includes: advertising, sales promotion, events and experiences, public relations and publicity, direct marketing, interactive marketing, word-of-mouth marketing, and personal selling (Kotler-Keller, 2009, pp. 275-276). Callaway Golf Company did very little advertising. Callaway felt that word of mouth was the best way to promote his clubs Word of mouth marketing was what golfers used excessively. Whether a golfer wanted the latest, greatest style of club or testified to the improvement of a stroke due to the club, word of mouth marketing was huge amongst golfers because of the amount of time golfers spent with each other during a round of golf. Callaway knew that most non-professional golfers played in foursomes and would give live demonstrations each time they played. Furthermore, he built a premium product and recruited professional golfers who were the leaders in the sport to promote his products. These endorsements validated the products quality and superior technology. The professional golfers â€Å"not under contractual obligations† used Callaway products because of the performance enhancement the clubs provided. Eli Callaway knew his company had enjoyed many years of positive growth and he knows that many more years of positive growth lay ahead. Additionally, he knew that he would always be faced with decisions concerning what products to develop, what accounts need to be closed, what retail relationships should be developed, and what marketing strategy should be employed. â€Å"When asked if CGC could stay ahead of the competition, he said, citing Newton’s first law of motion, ‘No problem. Bodies in motion tend to remain in motion. ’ He continued, ‘It’s a hell of a story, and it’s not over yet’† (Lal and Prescott, 2000, p. 14). References Kotler, P. & Keller, K. L. (2009). Analyzing consumer markets: A framework for marketing management, 4th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc. Lal, R. & Prescott, E. D. (2000). Calloway Golf Company. Pearson custom business resources. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Publishing Case Analysis of Callaway Golf Company, (2009, May 16,). Retrieved on April, 5, 2011 from http://www. docshare. com/†¦ /Case-analysis-of-Callaway-Golf-Company2

Charge of the Light Brigade Analysis Essay Example for Free

Charge of the Light Brigade Analysis Essay Charge of the Light Brigade Mini-analysis The poem, Charge of the Light Brigade, has quite a complex rhyming scheme which can make the poem difficult to understand at first. I think that he may have designed it this way to instil a feeling of victory and valour at the end of the poem. I would argue that this, along with other literary techniques, shows that Tennyson was successful in glorifying the Charge of the Light Brigade in his poem. As I mentioned before, the rhyming scheme is an integral part of the poem. The rhyming varies for each stanza, which at first seems like a large fault of the poem. The length of each stanza lengthens as the poem goes on, perhaps trying to simulate how the battle escalated. This pattern continues on until the last stanza where the number of lines is significantly reduced. This indicates the resolution of the poem. For the first verse, Tennyson utilizes an ABA pattern for the first half. â€Å"Half a league, half a league, half a league onward. † A large part of the poem is the repetition. This repetition of certain phrases creates a rhythm not unlike the galloping of horse’s hooves on the ground. This creates a feeling of verisimilitude and provides an authentic experience for the reader. The repeated phrase, â€Å"Cannon to the right of them/Cannon to the left of them/Cannon in front of them. † suggests that they were surrounded by enemies on all sides. The sentence also suggests the large imbalance of numbers on the British side compared to the Russians. This emphasises the victory at the end of the poem. While Tennyson tried hard to glorify the Charge of the Light Brigade, he also attempted to express the large amount of casualties as well. Tennyson utilized metaphor and allusion to acknowledge the amount of death on the field without being overly graphic in his description. He used the phrase, â€Å"Into the jaws of Death/Into the mouth of Hell† repeatedly to further his point. In my opinion, Tennyson accurately portrayed and glorified the Charge of the Light Brigade in his poem, using a variety of literary techniques. Charge of the Light Brigade Analysis. (2018, Oct 13).

Green Supply Chain Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Green Supply Chain Management - Essay Example Green et al (2008) have described supply chain management as integration and coordination of strategy alignments such as responsiveness, customer focus, quality, efficiency etc and business processes such as purchasing raw material, manufacturing product, logistics, marketing and (IS) or information system in the supply chain with an intention of satisfying purpose of end users. Zelbst et al (2010) have found that, activities throughout the supply chain causes environment pollution but if organizations manage its supply chain activities then it will not only decrease environmental pollution but also help the organization to decrease costs related to fuel fed transportation system which is an integrated part of supply chain management. Vachon and Klassen (2007) have found that environment sustainability is more of supply chain imperative in contrast to organizational imperative. Green et al (2008) have raised question over the holistic nature of the term â€Å"sustainable supply chai n management† and stated that, it is necessary for every supply chain partner to act responsively otherwise it is not possible to design a sustainable supply chain framework. In such context, Vasileiou and Morris (2006) have stated that green supply chain or sustainable supply is the environment friendly version of supply chain activities, for example, in the green supply chain; products are manufactured through environment friendly manner, transported through environment friendly vehicles and stored in environment friendly manner. Research scholars have argued that, manufacturing companies were forced to think about a greener supply chain management due to increasing pressure of governmental environmental regulations. It is evident from the above discussion that green supply chain is highly debatable topic among research scholars; hence study will dig deep on the topic by reviewing the existing literature on green supply chain and find how companies can improve their green su pply chain management. Any discussion on green supply chain will be incomplete without defining or understanding core elements of green supply chain management, hence in the next section the study will try define the concept of green supply chain management. Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) According to Handfield and Nichols (2002, p.8), â€Å"Supply chain management is an integrated management system of supply chain organisations and activities through cooperative organisational relationships, business processes, and high levels of information sharing systems that provide member organisations a sustainable competitive advantage.† In such context, Van Hoek (2002) has pointed out that organizations need to work on improving social and environmental benefits for its value chain partners, which means organizations, need to implement greener technology in order to decrease carbon emission in the value chain. Organizations need to think about environmental impact of the supply chain on consumers, for example, fuel fed transportation between supplier and the consumer not only creates negative impact on the environment but also increases cost for customers. Zhu et al. (2008, p. 262) have given a holistic definition of GSCM by taking account the concept of value chain, â€Å"green purchasing to integrated life-cycle management of supply chains flowing from supplier, through to manufacturer, customer, and closing the loop with reverse logistics.†

Risk Management in a Satellite Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Risk Management in a Satellite Project - Essay Example In fact, risk management techniques help in improving the strategies of doing business because the parties venturing are more cautious in all undertaking they involve themselves in. It is always important for a company to lay down procedures of dealing with these risks. A well designed project must have additional different programs stating how the possible risks are to be handled. These programs are very useful s thy gives us guidelines with different options on how to handle different kinds of risks. Templates can be fixed in these programs as a guidance to project manager as they state how the available risks are handled in reference to the project policy. One of the key significances of risk management in a project is the proper identification of all possible risks. It is always difficult to deal with a risk if it is yet to be identified. The risks evaluators are always encouraged to be thorough and accurate as well, this is met through overall analysis of the project and all undertakings in and around to facilitate their address in time. When the identification process is completed fully, it creates appreciation and lessens doubt (Committee on science, 2007). Purpose This article has detailed information which can help project managers or project teams in their efforts to manage the risks associated in their scope. These guidelines entail the following: Providing tools and techniques in risk management Providing consistency in the methodology used risk management The guidelines provides the relevant information in the risk management process Avails the data required in for both output and input analysis methods in risk management In a satellite project the management should fully understand the project by analyzing the procedures used by other successful projects undertaken by other organization. The cost should be evaluated, satellite projects are quite expensive and they require adequate fund either by big organizations or governments in the aim of laying down a foundation in their research methodologies (Kloppenburg, 2012). Cost base estimations Base cost refers to the reasonable cost if all material costs of a project are well calculated. Time should be apriority in as far as this subject is concerned. Regardless of the project being processed, the project management team should make correct timing to ensure that the project is not harried up by time limits. All projects are carried out to improve the performance of a certain field or sector; in other words they are carried out to facilitate growth (Roper, 1999). Resources Resources used in the setting up of the satellite project should be significant to the benefits associate with the products benefit. This means that the project should bring more it consumes in terms of resources. The project management team should use minimum resources in terms of cost of buying the technology used, total materials used, human resources should be considered too (Roper, 1999). Risk based estimation in a project This involves both simple and complex models which are related to schedule, cost, and all undertakings within a project. It makes use of both analytical and historical data techniques to lay down technical judgment in the process of project development. The cost and the cost associated in the process of implementing the project proceeds. Analysis of risk elements (threats or opportunities) is later applied and defined in relation to base cost to make ranges for the project schedule and base cost (Kloppenburg, 2012) The following are the values provided by project management Promote project success It helps in the determination of future uncertainties and provides

Executive report describing how information technology impacts the Essay

Executive report describing how information technology impacts the Real Estate Industry - Essay Example Online purchasing for instance has reduced the number of agents, retail stores and warehouses needed - these very services were thriving a couple of decades ago. On the other hand, access to the most unusual information, the most uncommon places, the rarest of books and even personal web logs are now just a click away. Hence, the value of a product, service or piece of information has undergone an overhaul since the onset of the Information Technology revolution. Added, these values even after changes are not static but yet in the process of stabilizing, allowing for large potential differences between current value and future value. Traditionally, real estate value has been known to depend upon criteria such as size, location, amenities, and even climatic environments, and now, information technology is an added consideration. Cyberspace technology enables interested clients to browse through properties of their choice using various search options such as zip code, size, amenities and budget. It is also possible to take a virtual tour of the property, its interiors and its neighborhood.

The life and beliefs of Amanpreet Gill Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The life and beliefs of Amanpreet Gill - Essay Example This is supposed to welcome good spirits that the visitor came with into the home. They do this because according they believe that visitors are forms of good spirits that come to bless a home. Gill’s dad was not an educated man, neither was he academic in nature. However, this did not hither him from encouraging Gill to partake English and other English related courses. Gill took this encouragement seriously and due to her positive attitude, she performed well in her English papers. Interestingly, whenever Gill sat an exam, the teacher would award her 19 Â ½ points out of the total of 20 points. This was very irritating to Gill since she would be forced to write another better composition. One of the most interesting experiences for Gill while in class was when they were having reading sessions. She enjoyed reading and would always express what she was reading on her face. For instance, if the character in the book was angry or scared, she would portray this on her face, cre ating clear images of the character in the minds of her classmates. Gill also enjoyed reading since her teacher always told her class that the more one reads, the more one became knowledgeable and expounded on the vocabulary prowess. This was a tip Gill took seriously and spent every opportunity she got to read and read out loud, something that contributed to her strong command of English. Besides being good in class, Gill took part in other curricular activities. She took part in card making competitions, and painting sessions.

Descartes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Descartes - Essay Example The wax has been used for the purposes of making comparisons and discussing the human mind. On the other hand, it is also important to note that the mind is quite complex and it is difficult to describe its nature using simple terms. The paper is therefore an analysis of the human mind in relation to the comparison with the wax as outlined in the article. According to the article, wax has different properties that can be used for different purpose. When wax is not burnt, it takes a different shape and it also has a different smell. However, when it is burnt, it changes colour and it also turns into liquid. The wax is therefore capable of innumerable changes when it is burnt. All the scent is also lost and it takes a complexity new form and shape. However, it is difficult to imagine that was may end up turning this way by just looking at it. According to the article, the mind is prone to a lot of errors and hence the difficulties in terms of describing its nature just like the wax (Ariew & Cress, 17). A false assumption may be made when analyzing the nature of the mind just like the wax. The discussion also indicates that some of the complex issues such as the human mind cannot be described through touch alone. It also requires a lot of understanding. The use of the wax and the many forms that it takes under different condition can be compared to the nature of the human mind. It is important to note that the human mind can also change depending on the condition. However, the changes in the human mind are in terms of its intellectual nature as compared to the physical changes that occurs when the wax is heated. The aspect of common sense has also been highlighted in the article. This is through the example of how it changes when it undergoes heating. According to the article, common sense may be misleading when it comes to the issues of the wax. When one sees the wax in its external form, common

Module 04 - Session Long Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Module 04 - Session Long Project - Essay Example concrete corporate and business-level strategies that would focus on the opportunities and threats that the company faced in the long-run, while utilizing the core strengths of the companies while addressing weaknesses. On marketing strategy. Under CEO Pressler’s tenure, the company had alienated the customers that had patronized its products for the long time. The superhip clothes GAP had produced created a sudden but a weak attempt to change its positioning. While the current profitable market of GAP had been neglected by shifting to a positioning where it was not desired by the market, the company lost focus. The success of GAP as a brand was attributable to the business casual movement in the 1990s. While being an edgier brand did not create a sustainable positioning, the erosion of the business casual movement due to the fall of the dotcoms in the economy eventually led to GAP’s fall. According to Jennifer Popovec in her article â€Å"Hanging by a thread†, the shift of GAP’s positioning to becoming fashion-forward, in its attempt to shift from its â€Å"classic style to the disposable fashion sector† had aggravated the problem. GAP tried to please everyone, as apparent in its advertisements as well as the merchandise that it carried. While the fickleness of the fashion industry had added to GAP’s hardships, losing its focus on its current profitable customers and digressing from its positioning had made the more complex rapid-changing consumer preferences more unfavorable toward the business; much less predictable with CEO Pressler’s marketing research efforts. On Human Resources strategy. CEO Pressler tried to change the long-time corporate culture of GAP which was coined in its corporate mantra â€Å"own it, do it, get it done.† While his intention was good, which was to promote collaboration and teamwork among the company, he made the initially-receptive employees vexed when there was so much more time that was spent on team-building than

Case study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 23

Case Study Example In ‘Our Product’ segment, I have given the available products in the market and emphasized of the prices and the after use results. The ‘Invite to Facebook page’ segment gives a description of how the consumers are expected to interact with their fellow consumers and the company in general especially in comments and criticism. As such, I am optimistic that the information in the page is effective towards the targeted social marketing for the company’s products. In this regard, I kindly request that you personally go through the page and give your final approval on the messaging before it is officially hosted. I write in reference to the ongoing company’s project that entails social marketing for the company’s beauty products. The memo comprises of the ways in which I have adapted the Facebook Page for the company, the reasons for using the messaging and design on the Facebook Page and its attractive purpose to the customers. Basically, my idea of adapting Facebook as the most effective tool in social marketing emerged after I conducted a thorough research on how our company was going to increase its sales, and further maintain a competitive advantage bearing in mind that there are numerous companies selling similar products across the country. The research articulated that a large numbers of our potential customers used Facebook as their official social media platform. In this regard, I chose the two main colors in the official website in order to maintain the brand image as stipulated in the company’s policy. In addition, I incorporated the two separate segments to give emphasis on the two main themes that were expected to appear on the Facebook page as discussed and approved by the team members in a series of meetings held in the past few days. The general design on graphics and animations was worked on by the company’s Creative Department to blend the messaging together in order to

Comparing and Contrasting Country Lovers and The Secret Life of Walter Mitty Essay Example for Free

Comparing and Contrasting Country Lovers and The Secret Life of Walter Mitty Essay These elements contribute to the short story’s effectiveness as author uses different literary forms and styles to connect the reader to the story. Style has many characteristics that help the author engage the reader such as; punctuation, the use of connotations, and culture. This is what helps the reader’s imagination take over, paint the picture, and get emotionally connected to the author’s story. In comparing and contrasting the two short stories of â€Å"the Secret Life of Walter Mitty† by James Thurber and â€Å"Country Lovers† by Nadine Gordimer you see the differences and similarities in style between the two authors. The culture, which is the common characteristics of a group or a region (Clugston 2010), is very similar in both stories since they are close to real life with the setting in the 1900’s. Both stories revolve around relationships and love. Thurber style is more imaginative then Gordimer which is defined by his use of connotations and punctuation, although both stories are very detailed when it comes to the characters and settings within the stories. In the short story â€Å"Country Lovers† Gordimer does a great job illustrating the setting, which is the time or place in which the action occurs (Clugston 2010). Gordimer provides details about the South African culture that allow the reader to understand the separatism and segregation the characters are living. The reader gets to feel what it’s like to be black in South Africa through the detailed descriptions of the loving conditions and treatment of blacks. The main characters in the story are Paulus and Thebedi. Paulus is the son of a farmer who was raised with the children of the black families that worked on his father’s farm. He falls in love with a black childhood playmate as a teenager but he understands that a relationship with her is forbidden. Thebedi is Paulus black childhood playmate who becomes his lover. The two begin a sexual relationship which results in a child being born. The theme, which is a representation of the idea behind the story (Clu gston 2010), is interracial love or forbidden love. The laws and culture of South Africa forbid interracial couples. Thebedi Paulus are aware of the dangers of being together but choose to get involved anyway. As the story unfolds, Gordimer brings out the imagination of the reader through the use of metaphors, which is an implied comparison between one object and another that is different from it (Clugston 2010). An example of this is when Goridmer writes, â€Å"hidden by the mesh of old, ant–eaten trees held in place by vigorous ones, wild asparagus bushing up between the trunks, and here and there prickly–pear cactus sunken–skinned and bristly, like an old mans face† (Clugston 2010). This allows the reader to visually paint the picture of where Thebedi and Paulus are at and what the scenery is. A common symbolism, which is something that has a literal identity but also stands for something else (Clugston 2010), that is used in â€Å"Country Lovers† is a tree. A tree can be a symbol for life, death, or immortality. This is a good match with the theme and plot of the story. The plot, which is a dynamic element in fiction, a sequence of interrelated, conflicting actions and events that typically build to a climax and bring about a resolution (Clugston 2010), thickens as both Thebedi and Paulus continue their love affair. Thebedi goes on to marry Njabulo, who is also black, and fails to tell Paulus of her marriage. At the same time Thebedi  also finds out she is pregnant with Paulus baby. When Thebedi gives birth to her daughter it’s obvious the baby isn’t Njabulo’s but he accepts her as it was his own. When Paulus finds out about the marriage and the child he becomes upset, why does he get upset, I believe it’s a sign of his love for Thebedi which ties back to the theme of forbidden love. The story takes an interesting twist, although the author never clearly states that Paulus killed the baby, it’s evident he did by the flow of the story. It’s up to the reader to understand the â€Å"why†, why would Pau lus kill the baby? Again, I believe the â€Å"why† ties back to the theme of forbidden love. Paulus has accepted that Thebedi will never be his wife due to society and the racial customs of South Africa. Understanding this he doesn’t want anyone to find out about the baby because interracial relationships are forbidden so he takes the extreme measure of killing the baby. One could also argue that he killed the baby out of jealousy and not wanting another man to raise his child. The story ends with Thebedi refusing to testify against Paulus in the killing of her baby. This shows that Thebedi has accepted her role in society as a black woman giving up any hope if a relationship with Paulus. Throughout the whole story Thebedi character is submissive to Paulus but the ending shows that Thebedi is also submissive to society by giving into social traditions and discriminatory behavior of South Africa. The short story of â€Å"The Secret Life of Walter Mitty† by James Thurber is written in a third person point of view, which occurs when the speaker is not a participant in the story (Clugston 2010). The form is limited omniscient, which is when the thoughts and feelings of only one of the characters are related through the narrator (Clugston 2010) that character is Walter Mitty. The setting of this story occurs in a city called Waterbury but the state is never mentioned or disclosed, one can assume its Waterbury, Connecticut. The main characters are Walter Mitty and Mrs. Mitty. Walter Mitty is someone who gets bossed around by his wife so he creates a secret life for himself. In his secret life he see’s himself as a powerful man who is admired by all, something he is not in real life. Mrs. Mitty is the bossy, nagging, overbearing wife of Walter Mitty. Thurber does a great job illustrating the relationship between Walter and his wife which many people can relate too, I found it very humorous. That takes me to the theme of the  story, which I believe is marriage. Thurber portrays a marriage where the husband is submissive to his bossy, nagging, and overbearing wife. A second theme could be masculinity since all of Walter’s dreams portray him as a powerful man who’s admired by all. The story is about Walter taking his wife into town to visit her hair dresser. Along the way Walter begins to fantasize to escape the reality of his real like. Thurber does an excellent job of engaging the reader’s imagination through each of Walter’s fantasy’s allowing the reader to vividly picture what Walter is fantasizing about. An example of this is during Walter’s first fantasies where he is commanding a hydroplane through a storm, â€Å"Rev her up to 8500! Were going through! The pounding of the cylinders increased: ta-pocketa-pocketa-pocketa-pocketa-pocketa† (Clugston 2010). The sound of â€Å"ta-packeta-pocketa† is just the cylinders of the car Walter is driving. Each one of Walter’s fantasies is tied to something that is specific to what’s going on in the story. As Walter drives past the hospital he starts to fantasize about being a surgeon. As the newsboy shouts about the Waterbury trial Walters fantasizes about being in a courtroom. The Liberty magazine leads Walter into a fantasy about military dugout. Thurber does a great job of interweaving Walter’s fantasies with the surroundings of the story. The uses of symbolisms in â€Å"The Secret Life of Walter Mitty† were not used in the traditional literary forms. Instead Thurber ties in the symbolism of control and power in each of Walter’s fantasies by Walter showing bravery, no fear, power, fame, and a man with high ranking titles. Thurber does a great job of connecting and supporting the symbolism with the theme of marriage and masculinity. The use of this symbolism is to show how Walter feels about marriage, since Walter feels powerless throughout the story as his wife talks down to him. There are many differences and similarities in â€Å"Country Lovers† and â€Å"The Secret Life of Walter Mitty†. The first and most recognizable difference is â€Å"Country Lovers† is a tragic story with a plot that builds up along with way with romance, physical relationship, racial discrimination, pregnancy,  arranged marriage, murder, deception, secrecy, and acceptance of normalcy. While â€Å"The Secret Life of Walter Mitty† is a comedy with not much of a plot. Where they are similar, both are written in a third person limited omniscient point of view. Both had themes of love and marriage but were very different in how each played out. â€Å"Country Lovers† was forbidden love and arranged marriage while â€Å"The Secret Life of Walter Mitty† was love and marriage between a husband and wife. These literary elements contribute to the short story’s effectiveness as author’s uses different literary forms and styles to connect the reader to the story. References: Clugston, R. W. (2010). Journey into literature. San Diego, California: Bridgepoint Education, Inc.

Business website design Essay Example for Free

Business website design Essay Here are the sections which are included in this proposal Introduction A brief statement about the company and what is required from the client Client requirements Here is what the client would require from the website in detail User needs A description of the target audience and what they require and expect Objectives The purpose of the website and what it hopes to achieve Explanations for Here is why specific options were chosen as opposed to others reason of treatment Proposed contents What the website compromises of Human resources The professionals which are required to produce the website Breakdown of Breakdown of the tasks within the project project Introduction Zak Autospare is a medium sized business based in Huddersfield. The main line of business is a wide range of car products from car parts to car audio. The business has a large amount of clients varying from mechanics to people with need of car parts. There are five workers at Zak Autospare, one of these being a manager and another the owner. The new website will advertise the business nationally as opposed to being only local at the moment, it will allow clients to purchase via the web, the main emphasis here will be upon car audio and car accessories such as alloy wheels, seats, steering wheels, etc. The website will be an advantage to Zak Autospare because as well as trading over the counter they can make extra sales via the website, most buyers would be people requiring parts they need for their car and then ordering them through the website and within a matter of days the will receive those particular products. Overall the website will bring forward new clients as well as new business ideas and possible expansion of the business to other towns and cities. Client Requirements The clients would require a website, which projects their dedication to providing and efficient service which delivers quality products. The website will reflect the businesses image of being a reliable service and having an excellent after sales service. It will also state the low prices and competitively priced products, which customers can enjoy for a cheap price. The client will require the following from the website: * The site will be created in HTML as opposed to Flash since everyone does not have Flash and maybe be reluctant to download it * The site will be linked to a searchable database (linked to current database using Microsoft ASP) to allow its users (customers) to use the website easily and efficiently * The database will also include a search facility starting with the user being able to input the type of car they have and from there being given a range of options leading to the relevant car part or product * The company logo will be used throughout the website to achieve recognition and a unique brand and name. This will be the same logo which is out on the shop itself * The site will have to incorporate many images, that are quickly downloaded therefore large web space * An effective shopping cart allowing the users (customers) to purchase products confidently and securely over the internet. * Personal email address to allow sufficient contact between the business and its electronic customers while also allowing the ability for customers to query desirable products. * Separate pages for each category, i. e. page for wheels, page for engine parts, page for car audio, etc User needs. The main users of the website will be people who own cars (Class C1, C2, D and possibly A and B, these would probably buy car audio since it does not require as much work as fitting in a car part) and possibly mechanics from car garages, here they will order when they require particular parts and are not available from elsewhere. The user needs have been investigated and researched by asking questions to existing customers and people who have used the internet to purchase parts and accessories for their car, the following are profiles of possible users and what they will require from this website. User 1: Name: Harpreet Singh Age: 21. Occupation: Student Car: Ford Fiesta XR2i Internet shopper: Yes From this user what was found was, this type of user required the website to have images for as many car parts and products possible. They would like for the car audio section to have an image of the product alongside a full specification list, this will allow the user to view the product as well as reading up on the features and options of the particular product. They would also like the option of having an image of a car and then being able to change the wheels to different types of alloys which in return would give them an idea of how the particular alloys would look on a car. One of this type of user category would have liked the option of being able to test the sound quality of CD players, this obviously would not be possible but what was found from this was that most buyers buy CD players and general car audio because of its brand and alongside this they would also rely on the features the system carries to ensure they are happy with the product they are about to purchase. The user would expect the prices of car audio and alloy wheels to be reasonable and possibly given the opportunity of being able to do price comparisons with other similar websites. User 2: Name: Robert Mason. Age: 28 Occupation: Auto Mechanic Car: Renault Laguna Internet shopper: Yes This type of user would expect a large range of parts for a majority of cars. He would also expect many electrical accessories such as speakers, stereos and all forms of wiring and fuses. Both of these users have excellent knowledge of the internet and they use it for information and shopping and would both expect transactions to be made securely and deliveries within reasonable times. Objectives The primary objective of the site is to introduce ZAK Autospare to a wider range of customers and to increase their customer base. The rest of the objectives are listed below: Allow regular customers and new customers to purchase through the internet, which in return will provide more sales   Show full description of products available with clear images, which are quickly downloaded with prices alongside   Since the business already has a logo, a new logo will not have to be created, this logo will be used through out the website to remind the user whose site they are on and reinforce this name, so that when they think of car parts and audio they think of Zak Autospare. An email facility to provide thorough contact between customers and business   Show the latest range of products, which will be updated regularly to ensure customers have a wide and latest range of products to choose from * Ensure customer satisfaction with product guarantees and the option of returning products with in 14 days with a receipt and the product being unused, this is all currently available from Zak Autospare Explanation of reasons for treatment The initial idea was to create the website in Flash but after discussion, the decision was made to crate it using HTML. Even though the website would probably look better produced in Flash, many people do not have Flash and these people may not wish to download Flash in order to view this website, so it would be a better idea to produce the website in HTML instead. The owner and manager are familiar with HTML, which gives them a greater understanding as to how the website operates. Alongside this, the cost of the producing the website in Flash would be higher than a normal HTML site. The website will be linked to Zak Autospares current database which is produced in Microsoft Access 97, the two shall be linked using Microsoft Asps, the scripts will be of searching (searching the website through the database) as well as adding (when an order is placed) and subtracting (when an order is removed or cancelled). The reason for using Asp is because this is used by many websites and is also known by the manager of Zak Autospare. The Asp creation is cheaper when linked to a HTML site opposed to a Flash site, so this will help keep costs low. This option is ideal since most sites are connected to Access databases with the use of Asps, rather than business owners linking sites to databases produced in SQL, etc. At first it was decided that the site would be named www. zakautospare. co. uk but after discussion it was decided that this name was slightly long winded and not very snappy, so it was decided that the site would be named www. zaks. co. uk, which was an excellent name, snappy and punchy whilst being short and easy to remember but unfortunately this name was already in use so as an alternative the name www.zaksshop. co. uk was decided to be suitable, this name is still snappy and seems more friendly and warm. However the logos used on the site would still be named Zak, since this is the sign outside the shop itself. Images will be order from product suppliers and companies, such as Pioneer will give images of all their products. On the site itself there will be images of the shop itself, since it is very attractive with various lights, etc. This will give the user a feel of the business they are dealing with.

Principles of Sterilisation in Microbiology

Principles of Sterilisation in Microbiology Moist and dry heat How are microorganisms destroyed by moist heat? By dry heat? Moist: Destroys the structure and organisms by destroying with heat. The combination of steam and pressure, the temperature is usually 121 °C and 15 lbs. per inch for thirty minutes. Dry: Kills organisms using oxidation methods. Most resistant of the spores requires a temperature of 121 °C for around two hours Are some microorganisms more resistant to heat than others? Why? Endospores are extremely resistant to heat because they have a tougher coat and a low moisture content. Additionally, they have a large amount of calcium and dipicolinic acid that helps to protect them from heat. Is moist heat more effective than dry heat? Why? The National Library of Medicine states, â€Å"Moist heat penetrates faster than dry heat† (Medicine, 2015). Moist heat penetrates the molecules, additionally, the water molecules conduct heat much better than air. Why does dry heat require higher temperatures for longer time periods to sterilize than does moist heat? Because water is a better conductor than air, therefore the dry heat does not penetrate as well. What is the relationship of time to temperature in heat sterilization? Explain. Basically the higher the temperature the less time needed. The autoclave Define the principles of sterilization with an autoclave and with a dry heat oven. An autoclave sterilizes using high pressurized steam heat that is made by high temperature boiling water and pressure. The steam vibrations destroy the microorganisms. Judelson states, â€Å"Autoclaving generally involves heating in saturated steam under a pressure of approximately 15 psi, to achieve a chamber temperature of a least 121 °C (250 °F)—but industry, other combinations of time and temperature are sometimes used† (Judelson, 2015). Dry heat ovens subject the microorganisms to high temperatures and destroy the bacteria’s by drying them out and basically sterilizing them from the outside to the inside by heat and no water. Unlike an autoclave which is one piece of equipment, dry heat can include a hot air oven, incineration, radiation, microwave, Bunsen burner and flaming. What pressure, temperature, and time are used in routine autoclaving? With the combination of steam and pressure, the temperature is usually at 121 °C and 15 lbs. per inch for thirty minutes (Kenneth Todar, 2015). What factors determine the time period necessary for steam-pressure sterilization? Dry-heat oven sterilization? The combination of temperature and time are what decides the actual time. Accordint to Mazhar Hussain, â€Å"The thermal death time is the time required to kill all the bacteria in a particular culture at a specified temperature. Both TDP and TDT are useful guidelines that indicate the severity of treatment required to kill a given population of bacteria† (Hussian, 2015). With dry heat the materials play an important factor. Why is it necessary to use bacteriologic controls to monitor heat- sterilization techniques? They are necessary to ensure that the autoclave is working properly and efficiently. They are place throughout the autoclave to ensure a complete testing of the autoclave. When running an endospore control of autoclaving technique, why is one endospore preparation incubated without heating? The control is used to ensure that the spores are destroyed effectively and that there are no problems with the machine. Primary media for isolation of microorganisms Define a differential medium and discuss its purpose. Morello taught us that a differential media has one or more components that are used by some types of microorganisms and yet not others. (Morello, Granato, Morton, 2013) This a will allow an individual to tell the differences of a colony based on the colonies characteristics (i.e. shape, color or pattern). Define a selective medium and describe its uses. Selective media choses one type of microorganisms and then suppresses the others while not inhibiting their ability to actually grow. MacConkey’s agar would be a selective media as it selects gram negative bacteria and yet inhibits gram positive bacteria. Why is MacConkey agar selective as well as differential? According to Austin Community College, â€Å"MacConkey Agar (MAC) is a selective and differential medium designed to isolate and differentiate enterics based on their ability to ferment lactose, by using bile salts and crystal violet inhibit the growth of Gram positive organisms and lactose provides a source of fermentable carbohydrate, allowing for differentiation† (ACC, 2015). Why is blood agar useful as a primary isolation medium? Blood agar would be a differential media because of its ability to destroy hemoglobin and red blood cells. What is the major difference between Modified Thayer-Martin (MTM) and chocolate agar? When would you use MTM rather than chocolate agar? Modified Thayer-Martin is a selective medium that is for gram negative microorganisms that has both a medium and antibiotics, whereas chocolate agar is a non-selective medium. Modified Thayer-Martin is only used when the culture ordered is from the genital area or for sexually transmitted diseases, whereas chocolate is used for many different types of cultures. Metabolic activities of bacteria What is the color of phenol red at an acid pH? Yellow is the color below 7.0 pH. What is the function of a Durham tube? A Durham tube contains a small inverted tube that is used for trapping the gasses that are formed when the broth inside is incubated. (Morello, Granato, Morton, 2013) Why is iodine used to detect starch hydrolysis? When the iodine dissolves with a solution of potassium, it will to turn a purple or blackish color due to the interaction with starch. How is indole produced in SIM medium? How is it detected? Hardy Diagnostics states, â€Å"The ingredients in SIM Medium enable the determination of three activities by which enteric bacteria can be differentiated; sodium thiosulfate and ferrous ammonium sulfate are indicators of hydrogen sulfide production and the ferrous ammonium sulfate reacts with H2S gas to produce ferrous sulfide, a black precipitate, additionally the casein peptone is rich in tryptophan, which is attacked by certain microorganisms resulting in the production of indole† (Diagnostics, 2015). Following the incubation period, the indole is detected with the addition of the reagents. Therefore the detection of the motility is due to the semisolid nature of the medium. How is hydrogen sulfide demonstrated in this medium? The hydrogen sulfide is detected after the production of ferrous sulfide when ferrous ammonium sulfate has reacted with H2S gas. What is the advantage of viewing mold structures in a transparent tape preparation? Southern University of Illinois states, â€Å"The advantage of transparent tape preparation is it allows the fungal structures to be viewed without disrupting the characteristics of their morphology† (Illinois, 2015) What fungus can be identified reliably by using the germ tube test? Morello taught us that â€Å"Candida albicans is the most common yeast found using the germ test and is an important cause of human infection† (Morello, Granato, Morton, 2013) Name three stains or reagents that may be used to facilitate the microscopic detection of fungi in clinical samples. Potassium hydroxide Calcofluor white India Ink Wright, Giemsa, or Diff-Quikstains Gram stain What is the main advantage of using the slide culture technique for identifying molds? It is a fast way to prepare, identify and examine fungal colonies. It makes it easier to study with little disturbances. According to Amrita, â€Å"Fungi are identified mostly by close examination of its morphology and the characteristics it possess† (Amrita, 2015). What is an opportunistic pathogen? Name three fungal specimens. It is a pathogen that takes advantage of an individual that has a compromised immunity system. Candidiasis, Apergillosis and Cryptococcosis Protozoa and animal parasites Describe the basic structures of protozoa. Can these same structures be seen in bacteria using a light microscope? The structure of protozoa is a single celled organisms with a true nucleus with chromosomes and surrounded by a membranous envelope. Additionally, Professor Anderson of Columbia University states, â€Å"They also have other internal cellular structures known as organelles that perform the many physiological functions needed to maintain the life of the organism and these organelles include mitochondria that break down nutrient molecules during respiration to produce energy for the cell† (Anderson, 2015). Are any parasitic diseases directly communicable from person to person? If so, how are they transmitted? What kinds of precautions should be taken in caring for persons with directly transmissible parasitic infections? Yes, but most have to have a host to be transferred. Lice for and an example is a parasite that can jump from one individual to another. Additionally, if someone is infected and does not use proper cleaning/washing of hands they can introduce a parasite through the preparation of food. Washing of hands and using precautionary techniques is the best way to prevent the contamination or spreading of parasites. What parasitic forms can be seen in the feces of a patient with hookworm? Eggs can be seen in hookworm, Eggs and body parts can be seen in tapeworm, in cryptosporidiosis the parasite can be seen, in trichinosis, the doctor will look for the antibodies of the roundworm. (Merck, 2015) What parasitic forms can be seen in the blood of a patient with African sleeping sickness? Filariasis? Amebiasis? In the blood of an individual with African sleeping sickness, the T. b. rhodesiense parasites can be found. In Filariasis, According to The Center for Disease Control (CDC), â€Å"The adult worms only live in the human lymph system† (CDC, 2015). For Amebiasis The Center for Disease Control also states that, â€Å"Diagnosis can be difficult because other parasites can look very similar toE. histolyticawhen seen under a microscope† (CDC, 2015), but the cysts can be seen in the stools/feces of an infected person. What is meant by the â€Å"life cycle† of a parasite? What importance does it have to those who take care of patients with parasitic diseases? The life cycle depends on the parasite, there are stages, the parasite infects a host, feeds off of the host and lays eggs. Sometimes the eggs hatch and sometimes the y turn into cysts. The eggs, cysts and sometimes parts of the body are then transferred out of the body through fecal matter, or sometimes infected blood. When this happens they then go onto the next host and the cycle repeats. The main importance is protection and cleanliness. Proper use of protective wear and then washing of the hands and any surfaces that may have been contaminated are the primary rules for the containment of spreading parasites. References ACC, A. C. (2015, January 13). Retrieved from http://www.austincc.edu/microbugz/macconkey_agar.php Amrita, U. o. (2015, January 13). Amrita. Retrieved from http://amrita.vlab.co.in/?sub=3brch=76sim=693cnt=2 Anderson, P. (2015, January 13). Retrieved from protozoa.uga.edu/education/students/for_students_sop_web_ora CDC. (2015, January 13). Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/lymphaticfilariasis/ Diagnostics, H. (2015, January 13). Retrieved from https://catalog.hardydiagnostics.com/cp_prod/Content/hugo/SIMMedium.htm Hussian, M. (2015, January 12). Retrieved from http://microbiologyon-line.blogspot.com/2009_08_02_archive.html Illinois, S. U. (2015, January 13). Retrieved from http://www.siue.edu/~cbwilso/250myco1_032.htm Judelson, H. (2015, January 8). Retrieved from http://oomyceteworld.net/protocols/autoclave operation.pdf Kenneth Todar, P. (2015, January 8). Retrieved from http://textbookofbacteriology.net/control.html Medicine, N. L. (2015, January 12). Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3808259/ Merck. (2015, January 13). Retrieved from http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/infections/parasitic_infections/hookworm_infection.html Morello, J., Granato, P., Morton, V. (2013). , Paul Granato, and Verna Morton. In Microbiology: Applications to Patient Care, 11th Editio (p. 111). McGraw-Hill.

An Analysis of Robert Frosts Once by the Pacific Essays -- Once by th

An Analysis of Robert Frost's Once by the Pacific Most readers are familiar with the poetry of Robert Frost, but they may not be familiar with his poem "Once by the Pacific." This poem stands out from most of his popular poems, which frequently relate to rural New England life. Many critics have thus commented that his works are too simple. "Once by the Pacific," however, seems to challenge this opinion, as it is one of Frost's more "difficult" poems to interpret. Although this poem also is connected with nature, the theme is more universal in that it could be related to Armageddon, or the end of the world. Even though this theme may seem simple, it is really complex because we do not know how Frost could possibly relate to the events leading to the end of the world. It is an "uncertain" and sometimes controversial topic, and even if everyone was certain it was coming, we do not know exactly how it will occur and when. Therefore, how did Frost envision this event? Is he portraying it in a religious context, a naturalistic one, or both? The last line (14) speaks of God putting out the light, which brings out a religious reference, but the bulk of the poem deals with nature entirely. Physical images of water, clouds, continents, and cliffs present a much more complex setting than the simple setting in "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" or the yellow wood in "The Road Not Taken." As a "misty" rain settles on the waters, all the waves have the intent to pound the earth with destructive forces, and it seems as though Frost personifies these waves. For example, the waves "thought of doing something to the shore / That water never did to land before." Is Frost portraying God as in control of t... ...wn. In this poem, Frost challenges this doubt with his "certainty" of these future events. Although Frost lays out an ultimatum of these events to come, it is up to the reader to come to his own resolution to these images. This is why Frost paints this intense picture by the waters-to challenge the reader in a natural setting as to how to deal with it. As James Guimond stated in the anthology, "he assumed the lone individual could question and work out his or her own relationships to God and existence-preferably in a natural setting and with a few discrete references to Christianity and Transcendentalism" (1147). Therefore, it can be interpreted that Frost intended to blend nature with religion in these images. The confusion the reader deals with is matched by his own epiphany in dealing with the experience, and the result is a balance between the two.

Global Warming Essay -- Environmental Climate Change, Greenhouse Gase

Global Warming Global warming is the progressive gradual rise of the earth's surface temperature thought to be caused by the enhanced greenhouse effect and responsible for changes in global climate patterns. The greenhouse effect is a term used to describe the roles of water vapor, carbon dioxide, and other trace gases in keeping the Earth's surface warmer than it would be otherwise. These "radiatively active" gases are relatively transparent to incoming shortwave radiation, but are relatively opaque to outgoing longwave radiation. The latter radiation, which would otherwise escape to space, is trapped by these gases within the lower levels of the atmosphere. The subsequent reradiation of some of the energy back to the surface maintains surface temperatures higher than they would be if the gases were absent. There is concern that increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases, including carbon dioxide, (the carbon dioxide emissions are primarily caused by the use of fossil fuels for energy) methane, and manmade chlorofluorocarbons, may enhance the greenhouse effect (this is called the enhanced greenhouse effect) and cause global warming. There are several important factors that have caused the increase in greenhouse gases over the past 200 years. Fossil fuels - coal, oil and natural gas - contain carbon. When they are burnt as a source of energy, they release carb on dioxide. The global demand for energy, primarily from fossil fuels, has grown to an average annual rate of approximately two per cent for almost two centuries - although the demand for energy varies considerably over time and among different regions. The burning of fossil fuels on a global scale produces around 20 billion tonnes of carbon dioxide each year. About half of these emissions are absorbed by oceans and plants. The rest stays in the atmosphere. Deforestation also contributes to increases in carbon dioxide, although on a much smaller scale, through the burning and decaying of vegetation. The reduction in vegetation also means that there are fewer plants to absorb the gas. Methane has various sources including herbivorous animals such as sheep and cattle that release it as a byproduct of digestion, rice paddies, land fills and forest fires. It can also enter the atmosphere from natural gas fields and coal mines. There are various sources of nitrous oxide including the use of fertili... ...   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  We as a world community need to seriously do something drastic to slow down the process of global warming, otherwise we may find ourselves in a situation where we can't turn back the hands of time and we're suffering because of Global warming. We need to make sure that future generations can live a happy and uncomplicated life; they shouldn't have to suffer from the impacts of Global warming that we (the current generation) have mostly caused. BIBLIOGRAPHY: - Macmillan Senior Geography 1 textbook. â€Å"Bush Administration Launches Historic Federal Climate Change Initiatives†. US Climate Change Science Program. (Accessed 23 Nov 2006) . â€Å"Executive Summary – Climate Change†. The White House. (Accessed 23 Nov 2006) http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2002/02/climatechange.html>. â€Å"The Kyoto Protocol†. Matthews, J. EGEE 101 Lesson 10 Online Course Content. (Accessed 23 Nov 2006). . â€Å"Overview: The Need for the Best Available Science to Address Global Climate Change Issues†. 24 July 2003. http://www.climatescience.gov/Library/stratplan2003/vision/overview.htm>.

Port Orchard: A Natural Disaster Essay -- Observation Essays, Descripti

Port Orchard, Washington is a town overflowing with rich forests, fresh air, and spectacular views. As Isaac Suttle walks from his front door, he can see the Two Brothers to the west and Mt. Rainier to the east. His home sits quietly in an area of Port Orchard surrounded by trees, the nearest neighbor hundreds of feet away. Like that of most western Washington, the weather is cool and rainy throughout the year with little relief in the summer. The drizzly rain can last for months; Isaac can remember a time when it persisted for 93 days straight. Though at times the weather can be miserable, it keeps the forest green and the air clean and refreshing. Traveling ten miles out of his hide away home, Isaac comes to the downtown area. Right on the water, downtown holds a large marina, home to boats from all over Kitsap County. Small antique shops, a one screen movie theatre, and a few bars are scattered down the main street. The â€Å"best candy store in the world† sits on a quaint corner of the street and provides Isaac with his favorite treats as he walks down the small stretch of beach at the local park. Not thirty minutes away is Isaac’s favorite escape destination, Point Defiance Park. A large park, it is home to a zoo, endless stretches of beach, hiking trails, and woods one could get lost in forever. It is a quiet place where Isaac can go to read and relax after an overwhelming week at a far from perfect school. Port Orchard students attend school with more than 3,000 students throughout southern Kitsap County. Overpopulated, South Kitsap High is more of a hassle than an educator. Many students have to travel up to thirty minutes to get there, and when they arrive,... ...eople Isaac knew who did not do drugs became his allies as his old friendships began to dissolve. Most of Isaac’s classmates did one of three things after graduation. They either went straight to work at the shipyard, joined the armed forces, or, like Isaac, left for college vowing never to return. Although Isaac has no intention of returning to Port Orchard or anywhere in Kitsap County, he can see himself settling in an area of Washington State still untouched by commercial chains and overpopulation. Though Isaac enjoys being alone with nature, growing up near Seattle has given him the courage and confidence to leave Washington and travel hundreds of miles down the coast to San Luis Obispo. A completely different setting, Isaac hopes to use San Luis Obispo to help him become well rounded and ready for a successful future away from Port Orchard. Port Orchard: A Natural Disaster Essay -- Observation Essays, Descripti Port Orchard, Washington is a town overflowing with rich forests, fresh air, and spectacular views. As Isaac Suttle walks from his front door, he can see the Two Brothers to the west and Mt. Rainier to the east. His home sits quietly in an area of Port Orchard surrounded by trees, the nearest neighbor hundreds of feet away. Like that of most western Washington, the weather is cool and rainy throughout the year with little relief in the summer. The drizzly rain can last for months; Isaac can remember a time when it persisted for 93 days straight. Though at times the weather can be miserable, it keeps the forest green and the air clean and refreshing. Traveling ten miles out of his hide away home, Isaac comes to the downtown area. Right on the water, downtown holds a large marina, home to boats from all over Kitsap County. Small antique shops, a one screen movie theatre, and a few bars are scattered down the main street. The â€Å"best candy store in the world† sits on a quaint corner of the street and provides Isaac with his favorite treats as he walks down the small stretch of beach at the local park. Not thirty minutes away is Isaac’s favorite escape destination, Point Defiance Park. A large park, it is home to a zoo, endless stretches of beach, hiking trails, and woods one could get lost in forever. It is a quiet place where Isaac can go to read and relax after an overwhelming week at a far from perfect school. Port Orchard students attend school with more than 3,000 students throughout southern Kitsap County. Overpopulated, South Kitsap High is more of a hassle than an educator. Many students have to travel up to thirty minutes to get there, and when they arrive,... ...eople Isaac knew who did not do drugs became his allies as his old friendships began to dissolve. Most of Isaac’s classmates did one of three things after graduation. They either went straight to work at the shipyard, joined the armed forces, or, like Isaac, left for college vowing never to return. Although Isaac has no intention of returning to Port Orchard or anywhere in Kitsap County, he can see himself settling in an area of Washington State still untouched by commercial chains and overpopulation. Though Isaac enjoys being alone with nature, growing up near Seattle has given him the courage and confidence to leave Washington and travel hundreds of miles down the coast to San Luis Obispo. A completely different setting, Isaac hopes to use San Luis Obispo to help him become well rounded and ready for a successful future away from Port Orchard.

Art – Vincent Van Gogh

When she rejected him, van Gogh suffered a breakdown. He threw away all his books except for the Bible, and devoted his life to God. He became angry with people at work, telling customers not to buy the â€Å"worthless art. † He was eventually fired. Between the time of the heartbreak/ breakdown and the fall of 1880, van Gogh taught at a Methodist boys' school. He aspired to become a minister and after a year of diligently studying, he refused to take the exams in what he called Latin, the â€Å"dead language of poor people. † He was denied entrance. In the winter of 1878, the same thing happened again.Van Gogh volunteered to preach and minister to the sick in south of Belgium. The evangelical committees disagreed with van Sago's lifestyle, which begun to take a tone of martyrdom. They refused to renew van Sago's contract and he was forced to find another occupation (Vincent Van Gogh). In the fall of 1880, van Gogh decided to move to Brussels and become an artist. Altho ugh he had no formal training, his younger brother Thee offered to support van Gogh financially. At the academy, he met Nathan van Rapped, who was to be his most important artist friend during his Dutch period.The Climax of his life In April 1881, van Gogh moved in with his parent's where he set himself the task of earning how to draw. He experimented endlessly with all sorts of drawing materials and concentrated on mastering the technical aspects of his craft like perspective, anatomy and physiognomy. Most of his subjects were taken from peasant life. After a couple encounters with different women, he moved in again with his parent's, who were now living in Ennui. The Potato Eaters The paining consisted of 5 figures sitting around a square table eating potatoes.Four of them are females and one male. Although the piece is laced in darkness, the mixed emotions residing in the faces of the occupants shine out brightly. These fugues are so intense that one can nearly hear the conversat ion being spoken. Subtle aspects create the illusion that the building is an actual residence for the five figures. The portrayal of ordinary peasant life did not come in a burst of creativity. Van Gogh had this painting planned out in advance. Van Gogh had a sense of confidence that took him to advertising the painting before he even had it.Nevertheless, the Potato Eaters failed to become the painting he set his mind to. Today, however, the painting has reached great heights in the artistic community and is considered as one of his retreat masterpieces, as he had intended it to be (The van Gogh Gallery). In Ennui, van Gogh first began painting regularly, modeling himself chiefly on the French painter Jean-Franà §ois Millet, who was famous throughout Europe for his scenes of the harsh life of peasants. Van Gogh set to work with an iron will, depicting the lives of villagers and humble workers.In the end of 1884, he began painting and drawing a major series of heads and work-roughen ed peasant hands in preparation for a large and complex figure piece that he was planning. By April of 1885, this period of his life came to fruition in the masterpiece of his Dutch Period. In the summer of 1885, he made a large number of drawings of the peasants working in the fields. The supply of models dried up; however, when the local priest forbade his parishioners to pose for van Gogh. He thus turned to painting landscape, inspired in part by a visit to Risks museum in Amsterdam.This same year he enrolled at the academy in Antwerp. He found the lessons rather tedious but was impressed by the city and its museums. He fell under the spell of Rueben' palette and brushwork and also discovered Japanese prints. In early 1886, van Gogh went to live with his brother in Paris. There he was finally confronted with the full impact of modern art, especially with the recent work of the impressionists and vivisectionists. He discovered that the dark palette he had developed in Holland was out of date. In order to brighten up he began painting still lives of flowers.The search of his own idiom led him to experiment with impressionist and postmodernists techniques. He also studied the prints of Japanese master. During this time, he made friends with fellow artists such as Paul Gauguin, Emilee Bernard, Paul Signal, and Georges Serrate. Within two years van Gogh name to terms with his latest development and had forged his own highly personal style. In the early 1888, van Gogh was now a mature artist, who went south to Arles, in Provence. There was where he at last began to feel confident about his choice of career.He set out to make a personal contribution to modern art with his daring color combinations. He was swept away by the landscape around Arles. In the spring he painted numerous scenes of fruit trees in full blossom. In the summer he painted the yellow wheat fields. Although he had difficulty finding models, he did make portraits, among which were those in the Ro lling family. It was typical of van Sago's faith in his own abilities that he decided not to try to sell any work yet but to wait until he had thirty top-class pictures with which he could announce himself to the world.He enjoyed the thought that a number of other artists would come and Join him in Arles, where they could all live and work together. The idea seemed to get off to a promising star when Gauguin arrived in October of 1888 (Vincent Van Gogh [1853-1890]). The End Although towards the end of 1888, his optimism was rudely shattered by the first signs of his illness, a type of epilepsy that took the form of delusions and psychotic attacks. It was during one of those seizures that he cut off his left earlobe. Gauguin made hasty departure and van Sago's dreams of an artist's colony disappeared.In April of 1889 he entered himself in the Saint-Paul-De-Mausoleum asylum as a voluntary patient. Van Gogh was unable to work when he suffered episodes of his illness, if he felt well en ough, he went out to draw and paint in the garden or surroundings of the asylum. His use of color, which was once intense, became mute. He tried to make his brushwork more graphic. By the closing months of the year, he successfully had two f his paintings shown at the fifth exhibition of Society des artistes independents. Van Gogh made a large number of â€Å"transitions in color† of prints by some of his favorite artists, like Millet and Eugene Delicacies.He found them consoling. They helped him keep in practice (Van Gogh: His Life and Art). Starry Night One of van Sago's most well-known paintings is Starry Night. The features within the painting are responsible for its growing popularity. There are actually several main aspects that intrigue those that view the image. The sky is filled with swirling clouds, stars ablaze with their own luminescence and a bright crescent moon. Although the features are exaggerated, it is view most individuals are comfortable with. This painti ng was painted while in an Asylum at Saint-Remy in 1889 (The van Gogh Gallery).In January of 1890, although he now had a small but growing group of admirers, van Gogh had lost his original passion. He wrote to his brother: â€Å"l feel – a failure. That's it as far as I am concerned- I feel that this is the destiny that I accept, that will never change. † He nevertheless continued working hard during his two months in Avers-sure-Jose, producing dozens of paintings and drawings. Life had become an intolerable burden. At Eternity's Gate At Eternity's Gate also known as Sorrowing Old Man is an oil painting that he made in 1890 in Saint-Remy.The painting was completed in early May at a time when he was convalescing from a severe relapse in health and two or so months before his death. The work depicts an aged man seated with his head held in his hands, experiencing extreme sorrow and regret at the moment of his passing. Although this was Just once a drawing from 1882, it w as until he was at Saint- Remy that he painted this work. It reflects the emotions van Gogh must have been feeling as his mental state deteriorated (The van Gogh Gallery). On July 27, 1890, he hot himself in the chest. He died two days later.Thee, who had stored the bulk of Vincent work in Paris, died six months later. Theses widow, Johanna van Gogh- Bonged returned to Holland with the collection and dedicated herself to getting her brother in law the recognition he deserved. In 1914, with his fame assured, she published the correspondence between the two brothers. Today, van Gogh is considered the greatest Dutch painter after Rembrandt. Unfortunately, van Gogh was not around to witness the greatness his works became. He contributed so much to the artistic community with his use of nature and painting figures the way he arrayed them.

Identification Of Potential Ischaemic Stroke Health And Social Care Essay

Stroke could shortly be the roughly common curtilage of decease ecumenic ( Murray and Lopez, 1997 ) . Stroke is present(a)ly the 2nd leading(predicate) cause of decease in the horse opera universe, ranking after bosom ailment and originally malignant neoplastic distemper ( Donnan et al. , 2008 ) , and causes 10 % of deceases worldwide ( Anon , 2004 ) . in spite of a decennary of intense populace instruction and medical promotion, stroke continues to al-Qaida for a major cause of mortality rate casting for around 53,000 deceases every(prenominal) class ( anon 2009 ) and this is the most common cause of terrible discapablement which bequeath choose grand-run attention. thither ar to a greater extent than 111,000 people who surrender suffered from new or perennial peter s every twelvemonth, where in 2006/07 the NHS spent over ?2.8 zillion in this country and the entire represent to the UK economic trunk was ?4.5 million ( ANON 2009 )Stroke consequences from perturbation in the credit line supply to the brainpower and leads to the decease of wholly cells deep down the affected thread ( Sims and Muyderman, 2010 ) . There argon 2 chief types of cracking. They argon ischaemic and haemorrhagic ( NINDS, 2009 ) . Ischemic setting is ca utilise by the in far-offction of a vas providing declination and foods to the psyche. The wit cells in the present(prenominal) country of hurt look at died as a consequence of ischaemia ( NINDS, 2009, deb et al. , 2010 ) . Ischemic fit idler be embolic and thrombotic lacunar snap bean is excessively downstairs this class ( Wityk and Llinas, 2007 ) . Hemorrhagic pearlescent is ca employ by compaction of create from raw material from an spread picnic haematoma or haematoma. This force per unit atomic number 18a besides lead to a loss of note supply to affected tissue and the telephone circuit let loosed by mental capacity bleeding appears to hold direct nephrotoxic make on encep halon tissue and vasculature ( NINDS, 1999 ) . More than 80 % of snap prospect argon caused by ischaemia ( Flynn et al. , 2008 )At the minute, the diagnose of ischaemic snap is relied on an experient surmise clinician s scrutiny of the patient, supplemented by the consequences of encephalon imagery. However, those who all of a sudden run short ailing with a suspected fling, the clinical appraisal within the first a few(prenominal) hours is non ever straightforward. Many patients with acute fling ar non assessed by a offer specializer the sign rating is much performed by a household practician, paramedic, or triage nurse ( Whiteley et al. , 2008 ) . Presently, the computed imaging ( CT ) and magnetized resonance Imaging ( magnetic resonance imaging ) atomic number 18 the most common technique used to diagnosis acute shot and part betwixt ischaemic and haemorrhagic shot ( Wardlaw and Mielke, 2005 )For most instances and at most establishments, CT remains the most pra ctical imagination mode ( Adams, 2007 ) . For those assessed in infirmary, reading of encephalon imagination visual aspects rump be hard, as CT is frequently cosmos after the oncoming of ischaemia and whitethorn stay normal in patients with moderate ischaemic shots. MRI is more keen in observing ischaemia than CT, curiously in the back toothvass of mild shot ( Chalela et al. , 2007 ) , is still merely 83 % throw or 98 % specific ( Chalela et al. , 2007 ) . Furthermore, MRI may non be executable in acutely sick patients because they atomic number 18 ungratified, have a contraindication to MRI, or MRI may non be instantly uncommitted.The current name of shot remains hampered and delayed callable to miss of a accommodate weapon for rapid, accurate and analytically thin symptomatic protrudepouring ( Laskowitz et al. , 2009 ) . There is a clear demand for further demotement in this country. Scientists have for a really long clip been reflection intoing and seeking to expire new ways to diagnosis shots. change magnitude skeleton of articles, documents and journeys have been suggested that blood bio moderateer may be a affirmable nominee for efficient and accurate diagnosing much(prenominal) as a blood essay for shots ( Hill, 2005 ) . Biomarker defined as a feature article that is objectively measured and evaluated as an baron of normal biological procedures, pathological procedures or p vituperateacological response to a cure intercession ( Biomarkers Definition Working Group, 2001 ) . It can be any sort of molecules that present in the mark creation. During an ischaemic shot, barrier of arterias causes accretion of blood metabolites and release of encephalon tissue proteins one time the carmine nervous system gets alter. All of these proteins atomic number 18 the possible biomarkers, including neuron-specific enolase ( NSE ) , astroglial protein S-100b, medulla basic protein ( MBP ) , creatin phosphokinase isoenzyme BB ( CK-BB ) , tau, thrombomodulin ( Tm ) , glial fibrillary loony toonsic protein ( GFAP ) , adenylkinase, soak up, lactate deshydrogenase, aspartate transaminase, glutathione, vasointestinal neuropeptide, and 7B2-specific neuropetide ( Allard et al. , 2004 ) .In order to go a soulfulness specific symptomatic biomarker that allow for be clinically useful, the desirable belongingss atomic number 18 including duplicability to obtain in a standardised manner, acceptableness to the patient, how easy is it to get word by clinicians, truth such as broad(prenominal) sensitiveness ( sensing of indisposition when it is truly present, i.e. placing true positive ) and senior high school selectivity ( acknowledgment of absence of malady when disease is genuinely absent, i.e. placing true negative ) for the solution it is expected to send extinct, besides ability to modernize a sensible proportion of the upshot independent of established forecasters organizedally in bigeminal surveies an d at that place argon informations to intimate that cognition of biomarker degrees alterations direction, prognostic values, big likeliness ratios, low cost, rapid sustained lift, high tissue specificity ( bespeaking myocardial beginning ) , release relative to disease extent and entertain characteristics conductive to indicate of attention proving are critical ( Fon et al. , 1994, Kelly et al. , 2003 )However, in 2008 a systematic reappraisal was published by the American Heart Association. 38 diagnostic literatures were reviewed and proving was carried out for 58 biomarkers, but a termination was made that none of them can be recommended for customs duty in everyday clinical pattern ( Whiteley et al. , 2008 ) . The high sensitiveness and specificity are the largest obstructor in ischaemic shot biomarker reading ( Allard et al. , 2004 ) . There are a few concerns is addressed. First of wholly, the blood-brain barrier ( BBB ) leave behind detain the release of encephalon ti ssue proteins into blood watercourse Second, the volume of damaged tissue released does nt correlate to the badness of the stultification to within the encephalon. As Human shot is such a heterogenous disease, possibly a rapid blood effort for shot is difficult to believe. So far no blood trial can be 100 % specific and sensitive ( Hill, 2005 ) . However a blood trial can be used as a complementary clinical diagnosing bases on its statistic mark, together act as a diagnostic biomarker ( Hill, 2005 ) . If the constriction is able to interrupt, this depart assist to salvage 1000s of lives and besides save an unbelievable sum of money for the NHS.Potential biomarkers identified demand to be transitioned rapidly into clinical proof proving for farther rating in an acute shot scene to make so would continue and discontinue patient results and quality of life.A individual set or multiple sets of blood biomarkers that could be used in an acute scene to diagnosis shot, brand betwee n shot types, or veritable(a) predict an initial or reoccurring shot would be highly valuable.Label-free valued proteomic regularity leave alone be used in this initiate. It is a comparatively new engine room that generated by High surgery placid Chromatography -Tandem Mass Spectrometry ( HPLC- MS/MS ) , or else of utilizing exogenously labelled isotopes, it does non necessitate constant isotopic-labelled compound. This type of spectroscopy allows us to fall out and follow proteomic look at incompatible provinces within the hypothetic account being, thereof the proteins concentration. The combination of mass spectroscopy and bioinformatics has been prove to be an effectual technique for the go up of possible biomarkers for assorted malignant neoplastic diseases and diseases from patient s serum or plasma take ins. With this technique, the proteins of involvements can be obtained from the precedents which are convenient for sidelong quantification and designationPur poses and aimsMy undertaking is to look for possible biomarker ( s ) which might compile to use in acute ischaemic diagnosing. I will utilize Label-free quantitative proteomic mode to near this purpose.The aims of this undertaking are able to utilize HPLC MS/MS to observe and distinguish between the halt and samples by comparability the peak susceptibility differences, and to quantify the sum of differences of the protein so to pip the protein of interested for farther experiment. Besides to develop a method to look for possible biomarker ( s ) with animate being theoretic accounts by HPLC MS/MS.cardinal activities3.1 sample distributionzoology theoretical account sample of shot is traveling to be used alternatively of pitying sample of shot. It is because animate beings and worlds have sympathetic nervous and vascular substrates and similar biochemical and molecular mechanisms of hurt and ( Yamori et al. , 1976 ) features of shot in worlds are similar to data-based theore tical accounts in animate beings. mostly of import animate being theoretical accounts allow look for engagementers to analyze nimble and primaeval ischaemic events, events that can be hard to analyze in humans patients because of the variable clip holds in early acknowledgment of a shot and initial curative intercession. Among the assortment of animate beings, rats are peculiarly utile for shot interrogation because their cerebrovascular anatomy and physiology closely match that of worlds. They have a little encephalon volume that is however good suited to different analytical processs and are pretty gimcrack in footings of purchase and grapple costs compared with those for larger animate beings. Furthermore, the public tends to hold fewer animate being public assistance concerns sing the use of gnawers in shot explore compared with the usage of Canis familiariss or cats and commercially available of inbred rats are comparatively homogenised genetically, leting researc h workers to understate confusing effects originating from a heterogenous background and to reach out good reducibility ( little criterion going away ) ( Wang-Fischer, 2009 ).The stoke theoretical account I am traveling to utilize is central hemisphere intellectual ischaemia. This theoretical account mimics the most common site of human ischaemic shot. Surgery will be performed under injectable anesthesia. Although inhalational anaesthesia is recommended for shot survey, injectable agents have some advantages in neurological surveies and have been used by many research labs, such as the disposal of injectable agents is wide-eyed and easy, no particular equipment is needed ( a simple acerate leaf and syringe can finish theanesthesia work ) and cheap equipment and medicates lower the cost of survey.Blood sample is taken Immediately before clamping of the indispensable carotid arteria ( ICA ) instantly preceding to unclamping ( ischemia ) the ICA and before skin pass completion ( reperfusion ) ( Fig. 1 ) . Cerebrospinal smooth has be to collected for synopsis because it is highly utile for surveies of the cardinal nervous system, it will make up any unmetabolised molecules from the encephalon so it allows an research worker to straight mensurate alterations in senders, endocrines, cytokines, or any other doer that might be of import. All samples are so labelled decently. All blood samples have to be centrifuge within 30 proceedingss of accretion. blood plasma is removed and stored at a?80AC until usage.After the tease closing of the rats, evan blue is injected and circulated for 60-120 proceedingss. Then rats are anesthetised and perfuse with phosphate buffer solution through the left(p) ventricle to rinse out the purposeless tarnish. Afterward, encephalons are removed and the hemispheres are separated, weighed, and displace in supplys.Reperfusion sampleIschmaemia sampleservice line sampleReperfusionIschmaemiaBaselineICA unclampedICA clampedFi g. 1 liquify plat of sample appeal. ICA internal carotid arteria3.2 Nanoflow HPLC- MS/MS sample readying and analysisPlasma samples are thawed at 4AC and digested with trypsin at 37AC for 16 hr before transporting out analysis. brave outed plasma samples and cerebrospinal fluid samples are loaded and nanoflow High Performance Liquid Chromatography -Tandem Mass Spectrometry ( HPLC- MS/MS ) analysis is carried out. This is an machine-controlled method once the sample is loaded.3.3 Fluorescence spectrophotometer analysisThe fluorescence aptitude of the dye will so arrive by fluorescence spectrophotometer after a serial publication of sample readying3.4 Statistical analysisFirst, protein quantification is measure peak highs in chromatography. The mark proteins are the eyeshades strength with high duplicability ( CV & lt 8 % ) . The chromatographic extremum alliance is used to knock in this comparative attack. Statistical analysis such as Students t-test was performed to find th e significance of alterations between multiple samples.In the spectral figuring attack, comparative protein quantification is achieved by comparing the figure of identified MS/MS spectra from the resembling protein in each of the multiple LCMS/MS datasets. This addition protein s copiousness and consequences in an addition in the figure of its proteolytic peptides. A hear of the possible biomarker will so be created. The atomization from this list will so place.The undertaking program4.1 work flow Logic Diagram of activities smack aggregation( Surgrey )White juncture & A color affair understand from CSFSample from CSFSample from plasma authority from plasmaSamplingSample storage at a?80ACSample storage at 80ACSample readying( Digest )Label-free quantitative proteomics readying and analysisControl from CSFSample from plasmaSample from CSFControl from plasmaFluorescence spectrophotometerHPLC separationMS/MSQuantification( Peak strength, spectra count )Candidate stop/ proofDesi gnation by commercially statistical packet boatPotential diagnostic biomarker ( s )Fig. 2 Logic diagram of activities. CSF Cerebrospinal fluid4.2 Gantt ChartActivitiesWk 1Wk 2Wk 3Wk 4Wk 5Wk 6Wk 7Sample aggregationdecadeaaaaaaSample readying of blood samplea disco biscuitaaaaaSample readying of CSFaTenaaaaaSample readying of fluorescence spectrophotometryTenaaaaaaNanoflow HPLC- MS/MS analysisaTenaaaaaFluorescence spectrophotometer analysisTenaaaaaaStatistical QuantificationaaTenTenTenaaProtein IdentificationaaaaTenTenTenTable 1. Gantt chart with clip line.From Table. 1. It shows the protuberance activities and calendar week by week of what activities are expected to be carried out. In hebdomad one, surgrey takes topographic organize and because the encephalon protein will get down to fall out 3 yearss after the station shot, the dye and fluorescence spectrophotometry is besides taking topographic point in hebdomad 1. In hebdomad 2, the HPLC- MS/MS analysis will be carried out. F rom hebdomad 3 subsequently, it is the statistical analysis. Statistical quantification the possible biomarker by comparing the peak strength and so place the atomization of interested extremum.ResourcesEquipmentCentrifugedeep freezer 80a?HPLC MS/MSFluorescence spectrophotometer4.3.2 ApparatusEDTA tubingNeedle and syringeSkin Scissorssvascular clinchsMicrodissecting Tweezers & A ForcepssA cold-illumination lighting systemOperating Board4.3.3 ReagentAnaesthetic drugTrypsinheparin-saline mixtureSterrad ( Low-Temperature Hydrogen Peroxide Plasma )Buffer A ( 96 % urine 4 % methanol 0.2 % formic acid )Buffer B ( 10 % H2O, 90 % acetonitrile, 0.2 % formic acid )Evans bluePBS4.3.4 TrainingTraining to manage research lab animate beingsExpertness on nanoflow HPCL because insouciant users lack the expertness to utilize the demanding microfluidics that is involved and to observe jobs.4.5.5 Statistical package for HPLC MS/MSAny of these would be suited for the statistical analysis test pack ageThe Rosetta Elucidator systemUndertaking analysis5.1 Hazard analysis internalisation of biomarkers find has an impact on timelines of undertaking direction due to extra work on their designation and possible proof. Furthermore, there are troubles to fix the white affair hurt theoretical accounts which are used as indicant of how much harm of ischemic shot caused to the rat and the hesitation between animate beings are normally big.Drumhead decisionThe primary end of a individual set or multiple sets of blood biomarkers development is to cut down the bump of late abrasion during clinical development for grounds of safety or efficaciousness to make so would impact and better patient results and quality of life.Although it will be a long and difficult bundle to make this finish, it is a baronial end, and the unspoiled way for the hereafter of stroke diagnosing.